Accounting & Finance

The accounting equation, journal entries, ledger accounts, and preparation of trial balances.

Time value of money, interest calculations, and quantitative methods for financial analysis.

Micro and macroeconomic concepts relevant to business and financial decision-making.

Financial markets, instruments, risk and return, and the role of financial institutions.

Professional report writing, financial presentations, and stakeholder communication.

Advanced topics including consolidation, leases, deferred tax, and IFRS compliance.

Cost classification, budgeting, variance analysis, and performance measurement.

Capital structure, dividend policy, WACC, and investment appraisal (NPV, IRR).

Personal and corporate income tax, GST/VAT, and tax planning strategies.

Audit planning, risk assessment, internal controls, and audit reporting standards.

Contract law, company law, and regulatory frameworks affecting accounting practice.

Complex IFRS standards, financial instruments, and group accounting.

Ratio analysis, DCF valuation, comparable company analysis, and equity research.

Balanced scorecard, activity-based costing, and strategic cost management.

Modern portfolio theory, asset pricing models (CAPM), and fund management.

ERP systems, data analytics for accountants, and cybersecurity in finance.

ACCA/CPA ethical frameworks, corporate governance codes, and whistleblowing.